U.S. manufacturing grows at slowest pace in 2013: survey

U.S. factory activity expanded at a slower pace in April, held back by weaker hiring and less company stockpiling. The report is the latest to suggest economic growth has slowed this spring.

The Institute for Supply Management said Wednesday that its index of manufacturing activity slipped to 50.7 last month. That’s down from 51.3 in March and the slowest pace this year. A reading above 50 indicates expansion.

A measure of hiring fell sharply to 50.2, the lowest level since November. That suggests factories cut jobs again in April. And manufacturers cut back on stockpiling for the second straight month.

The ISM’s employment gauge hasn’t been a reliable indicator in recent months: It reached a nine-month high in March, conflicting with government data that reported factories shed 3,000 jobs.

Despite the decline in the pace of growth, economists noted that the survey still shows that manufacturing expanded for the fifth straight month. And there were some positive signs in the report.

A measure of production and new orders rose. More new orders indicate companies may have to rebuild their stockpiles in the coming months. Order backlogs grew at a faster pace. Higher orders points to more factory output in the coming months.

“This is not a slump, just more slow growth,” John Silvia, chief economist at Wells Fargo Securities, said.

Still, slower growth in manufacturing suggests some companies may be worried about across-the-board government spending cuts that began on March 1. The survey noted that one company tied to the defence industry mentioned that cuts had weakened its business in April.

The decline follows a report on last week that said businesses slowed their investment in facilities and equipment in the first quarter.

A recession in the 17 European Union countries and weaker global growth threatens demand for U.S. exports. A measure of export orders in the ISM survey grew at a slower pace in April.

Factories may also see slower sales this spring because consumers are starting to feel the impact of higher Social Security taxes. Americans increased their spending from January through March at the fastest pace in more than two years. But spending on goods fell in March, a sign that the tax increase may be catching up with consumers.

Consumers are more optimistic that the job market is healing and will deliver higher pay later this year, according to a survey of April consumer confidence released Tuesday. And lower gas prices could offset some of the pinch from the tax increase.

One area of manufacturing that remains strong is auto production: Ford, GM, Chrysler and Nissan all reported double-digit U.S. sales increases last month, signalling the best April for car and truck sales in six years.

Still, factories cut jobs in March after five months of hiring. And manufacturing output declined in March, the Federal Reserve said earlier this month, despite a jump in auto production.

The economy grew at an annual rate of 2.5 per cent from January through March, the government said last week. That was an improvement from the anemic growth of 0.4 per cent in the final three months of last year. Most economists expect growth will slow in the current quarter and remain subpar for most of the year.